Understanding cervical cancer
Cervical Cancer Awareness Month is an important time to raise awareness and encourage regular screening. Cervical cancer begins in the cervix, the lower part of the uterus that connects to the vagina and is almost always caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV), a very common virus spread through skin-to-skin contact.
Most HPV infections are harmless and clear naturally. However, in some cases, the virus can remain in the body and lead to abnormal cell changes over time. These changes can develop into cervical cancer, often over the course of 10 to 20 years. With regular cervical cancer screening, these changes can be detected early and managed effectively.
Know the symptoms of cervical cancer
HPV is very common. In fact, about eight in ten sexually active adults will have an HPV infection at some point in their life. Most people won’t even know they’ve had it, HPV usually causes no symptoms and often clears on its own.
However, if the body doesn’t clear the virus, it can cause changes to the cells of the cervix. Over time, these changes may develop into cervical cancer if left untreated.
Cervical cancer often develops slowly and may not cause symptoms in its early stages, which is why regular cervical cancer screening is so important. When symptoms do appear, they might include:
- Bleeding between periods, after sex, or after menopause
- Ongoing pelvic, back, or leg pain
- Unusual or unpleasant-smelling vaginal discharge
- Discomfort or pain during intercourse
If you notice any of these symptoms, don’t wait. Book an appointment with your GP to talk through your concerns. Early care can make a big difference.
Cervical cancer screening
Cervical cancer is one of the most preventable cancers. Regular cervical cancer screening is the most effective way to detect HPV-related cell changes before they become cancerous.
Under the National Cervical Screening Program, women and people with a cervix aged 25 to 74 who have ever been sexually active are advised to have a Cervical Screening Test every five years. This test replaces the traditional Pap smear and looks for the presence of HPV.
Cervical Screening Test
There are now two ways to complete your Cervical Screening Test:
- Self-collection: You collect your own vaginal sample using a small swab, in a private space at the clinic.
- Clinician-collected: A trained GP or nurse collects the sample from your cervix using a speculum and small brush.
Both methods are equally accurate. You can choose the option that feels most comfortable for you.
Who should have a Cervical Screening Test?
If you’re aged 25 to 74 and have ever had sexual contact, regular cervical cancer screening is recommended regardless of your current sexual activity, HPV vaccination status, or sexual orientation. You should still get tested if you:
- Have no symptoms
- Have had the HPV vaccine
- Have gone through menopause
- Are pregnant or postpartum
- Have only had one sexual partner
- Are part of the LGBTQIA+ community or are gender diverse and have a cervix
Cervical screening at Kardinia Health
Our GPs and nurses are here to support you with respectful, personalised care. We offer cervical cancer screening in a calm, comfortable setting, with the option to self-collect if preferred. If you’ve experienced pelvic pain or past trauma, our Pelvic Pain and Endometriosis Clinic provides additional care and understanding to help you feel at ease.
We’re also here to guide you through HPV vaccination and other recommended immunisations, such as hepatitis A and B. Our team will provide up-to-date information and answer any questions, so you can make confident, informed decisions about your health.
Book your screening today
Cervical cancer screening is a simple step that can save lives. If you’re due or unsure whether it’s time, make an appointment with your GP at Kardinia Health today. Early detection plays a vital role in prevention and treatment.
